Culture Conditions
· Requires choline and reducing agents in media.
· Facultative anaerobe
· Grows best at a pH of 7.8.
· Optimal growth temperature 30-35C
· Grows best on a blood agar plate.
· Needs vitamin B complex, 7-10 amino acids, adenine, guanine, and uracil.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is gram-positive
Here the Streptococcus pneumoniae are shown as the dark cocci in the picture from a gram stain.
History
1881: Pasteur isolates Streptococcus pneumoniae for the first time.
1884: The discovery of Gram staining allows S. pneumoniae to be identified from other causes of pneumonia.
1940: By this time 80 plus serotypes of pneumococci had been described.
1960s: Many patients died despite receiving penicillin to treat S. pneumoniae infections.
1977: The first US pneumococcal vaccine is licensed.
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